Arthrogryposis is characterized by multiple joint contractures present at birth, poorly developed and contracted muscles, limb deformities, and intact sensation. The cause is unknown but one common observation is decreased intrauterine movement. The incidence is 1 in 3,000 live births. The initial evaluation and then treatment requires a multi-disciplinary approach including a Pediatrician, Neurologist, Geneticist, physical therapist, occupational therapist, social worker, and an Orthopaedist.
Clinically, there are multiple contractures or joint tightness. The skin is tense and glossy or waxy, with limited subcutaneous tissue. Webbing of the skin may be present at the knees or elbows. Distally the deformities are typically most severe. Some children also have respiratory insufficiency or difficulty eating. Treatment varies according to severity and consists of physical therapy, the use of orthoses (braces), and surgery. These children are cognitively normal.

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