Shin splints are exercise-related pain found along the posteromedial border (inside) of the distal tibia (shin bone). It is most often caused by a stress reaction of the bone and the attached muscles in response to repetitive overuse. Shin splints accounts for 13% of all injuries in runners.
Patients typically present with pain, initially upon exertion that may be relieved by continued activity. The pain may recur toward the end of the workout or after running. Over time the pain goes from being dull or sore to sharp, penetrating, and severe. With time, the pain may be present with activities of daily living. Shin splints usually occur when there has been a significant change in activity. It is not restricted to the unconditioned or ill-prepared athlete. Changes in footwear, running surface, terrain, or intensity may precipitate shin splints.

Will x-rays be taken?
Many times, x-rays will be taken to rule out a stress fracture. Sometimes a bone scan or an MRI is advised to aid in the evaluation of this problem.

What are the treatment options?
The patients are usually sent to physical therapy to work on a stretching and strengthening program. Orthotics may be ordered and the running shoes may need to be evaluated. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine is a reasonable addition to the treatment regimen.

How long will it take for the problem to go away?
Usually it takes about 7-10 days for the pain to decrease enough that the patient can resume some training. If it is important to maintain cardiovascular fitness, then cross-training with an exercise bicycle or water running have been found to be excellent alternatives. Relative rest means that the patient is allowed to do activities which can be performed comfortably. Once the patient is comfortable, then the activity level can be gradually increased in response to the patient’s symptoms.